What Cameras Allow Fine Tuning Of Video Shutter Speed
If you're a hybrid shooter or dabbling in video using a DSLR or mirrorless camera, Canon's Cinema EOS series probably seems like a different league of camera altogether. Designed for professional person video productions such as movies, music videos, and television programmes, it kind of is—you lot probably won't stumble across one in your regular camera shop. Just 1 new model promises to bridge the gap: the relatively compact and affordable EOS C70, which is also the first Cinema EOS photographic camera to characteristic the RF mount.
How exactly is a cinema camera similar the EOS C70 different from a DSLR or mirrorless camera, and why should yous consider getting 1 if you program to have your video production a step further? Read on to find out.
- Introduction: Cinema EOS—the system that revolutionised the motion pic manufacture
- What is Super 35mm?
- What is Canon Log and how does information technology affect visual quality?
- The factors that affect actual video recording time
- "Made for video" autofocusing capabilities
- The importance of an ND filter
- Lens compatibility
- Conclusion: Should yous become a cinema camera?
Introduction: Cinema EOS—the organisation that revolutionised the motion picture show manufacture
When the EOS 5D Mark II was released in 2008, information technology was equipped with back up for Full Hd video recording, along with high ISO speed capabilities and the ability to render images with an evocative shallow depth of field due to its 35mm full-frame image sensor. These fabricated information technology a huge hitting and took it all the fashion to the frontlines of Hollywood. However, information technology was withal a camera built mainly to shoot however images, and could not completely satisfy the stringent requirements of professional motion moving-picture show production.
To accost these needs, Canon adult the Cinema EOS System, which was launched in 2012 with the introduction of the EOS C300. This new series leveraged on the strengths of its relatively big prototype sensor (dorsum when the biggest sensor on most broadcast cameras and camcorders was the two/iii-inch sensor), adapting it for motion picture show production to accost the needs of professional users.
At that fourth dimension, digital cinema cameras and lenses were extremely expensive, and it was the norm to rent, non own them. The Movie house EOS System revolutionised the manufacture, offering high-functioning products at a relatively lower price besides as compatibility with EF lenses, which were much more affordable than existing cinema lenses. Thanks to this, digital movie house cameras with larger sensors than before became mainstream.
Today, the Cinema EOS Organisation includes a diverseness of camera models to accommodate different levels of production, from compact models congenital for solo and run-and-gun filmmaking, to avant-garde models designed to cater to more circuitous production needs. Besides filmmaking and videography, Cinema EOS cameras are now besides widely used in other forms of move video such equally social media content and livestreams.
The Picture palace EOS lineup includes a diversity of movie theater cameras, from the EOS C300 Marker III, which features a Super 35mm DGO image sensor, to the flagship EOS C700 FF, which is equipped with a total-frame paradigm sensor.
The EOS C70, which was released in 2020, is the first Cinema EOS photographic camera to feature the RF mountain. Meaty and relatively affordable for a cinema camera. costing around the same as Catechism's flagship DSLR camera, information technology is an platonic offset digital cinema photographic camera.
1. What is Super 35mm?
The EOS C70 is equipped with a 4K Super 35mm DGO image sensor. Yous might have seen information technology oftentimes used to describe the sensor size of digital cinema cameras, but what is Super 35mm, actually?
Simply like how full-frame is the standard sensor size in all the same photography, Super 35mm is the standard sensor size in movie house. In fact, the total-frame format arose by adapting 35mm film reels. To create affordable, easy-to-handle however cameras, engineers needed suitable recording media. They found their solution past cutting 35mm cinema pic, which was already in mass-production, and and so putting it into a compact cartridge form.
Full-frame format vs Super 35mm: the key differences
Super 35mm and full-frame format both use film that measures 35mm wide. The difference is in the recording orientation, which reflects how the moving-picture show was fed through the camera.
Super 35mm
Each image is recorded vertically higher up the previous image so that the long end of each image is parallel to the 35mm edge of the moving-picture show. This end measures most 24mm subsequently accounting for the perforations at the side. Each image has an aspect ratio of 16:9 or one.9:1, so the resulting image is like to that of an APS-C sensor recording in xvi:9 mode.
35mm full-frame
Each epitome is recorded horizontally beside the previous one, and then that the brusque border of the image is parallel to the 35mm width of the picture show. The image size that resulted is what we now know as 35mm total-frame format.
Prototype sensor pixels: Numbers tell only half the story
The EOS C70 has a Super 35mm image sensor with 8.85 effective megapixels. Meanwhile, the EOS R5 has a full-frame image sensor with 45 constructive megapixels. As both cameras have the same mount, the size difference is obvious in the images above.
Consideration #1: 8K shooting
Looking at image sizes alone, the EOS R5 is the obvious choice if you demand to record 8K video, which requires a sensor that records images with a width of approximately viii,000 pixels. However, information technology will exist some time before 8K and its supporting engineering science mature and go attainable enough for information technology to get mainstream. Until then, even if you shoot in 8K, you lot would probably notwithstanding take to output in 4K. The EOS C70's image sensor supports 4K DCI (4096 × 2160, or 8,847,360 pixel) recording, which is still the norm and volition exist for a while.
Consideration #2: How high-quality 4K video files are achieved
With the EOS R5, you can oversample 8.2K video to achieve college quality 4K video. However, the load that this places on the image processor can crusade overheating and image quality degradation over longer durations, particularly since the EOS R5 doesn't take a cooling system unlike the EOS C70. Meanwhile, when recording 8.85-megapixel 4K video files, the EOS C70 features full pixel readout, where the output from each pixel is read dot by dot without pixel binning, achieving high-quality 4K images even without oversampling.
What is a DGO sensor?
The EOS C70 features the game-irresolute Dual Gain Output (DGO) sensor engineering, which was get-go introduced on the EOS C300 Mark 3. This sensor takes two different readouts from ane image pixel in real time. Each readout amplifies one aspect, hence "dual gain": 1 readout has amplified saturation (saturation-prioritising gain), which retains saturation and details in highlight areas, while the other prioritises lower noise (noise-prioritising proceeds), retaining item in the shadows and dark areas. Blending both readouts produces vivid HDR footage with fiddling visible noise.
Here's a detailed technical explanation on how the DGO sensor works
2. What is Canon Log and how does it impact visual quality?
In video, just like in still photography, capturing more details in highlight and shadow areas depends on the dynamic range.
In notwithstanding photography, the conventional style of producing high dynamic range (HDR) images is to merge at least three exposure bracketed images. The bracketed images would be exposed for the highlight areas, midtones, and shadows respectively, and combining them would increment the dynamic range of the resulting image.
However, when recording video, it'southward non possible to subclass every unmarried frame (although the DGO sensor works in a similar mode). Each frame recorded must already have a wide dynamic range. One way to practise that is through log recording.
How log recording works
The volume of light entering each paradigm pixel (photosite) generates analogue signals that must be converted into digital signals. During conversion, the camera needs to determine how to map the tones (brightness) to exist recorded based on the light intensity detected. This "map" is the gamma way.
Nigh video cameras apply a gamma called Rec.709, which maps light on a curve that is comparatively linear. Rec.709 is widely used on televisions and display screens, and it achieves pleasant-looking playback, even if the footage is played back as recorded with no handling in postal service-production. Nevertheless, as Rec.709 doesn't have a very wide dynamic range, it doesn't reproduce details in highlight and shadow areas very well.
On the other hand, the argent halide moving-picture show that was used in both photography and movie production is known for its unique photosensitivity characteristics: information technology can reproduce a wide range of tones (broad dynamic range) from highlights to shadows, offer more than latitude (amount of under or over exposure that can exist recovered). Log gammas were created to digitally reproduce the calorie-free sensitivity characteristics of film.
"Merely Canon Log footage looks so flat…"
Footages recorded in a log gamma like Canon Log take a wide dynamic range, but you may notice that they are rather depression saturation and low dissimilarity. Such neutrality allows information technology to retain more tone data especially in the farthermost shadows and highlights. As a result, y'all have more latitude when color grading in mail-production—a process that is necessary to requite your work a distinct expect and atmosphere.
Rec.709
Footage shot with the conventional Rec.709 gamma. Exposing for the horse and person causes the mountains and sky in the background to be blown out.
Catechism Log
With Catechism Log, the tones in the mountains and sky in the background are reproduced, which shows the abundance of the tonal data that was captured.
Canon Log (colour graded)
Color grading adjusts the colours and tones in the footage to convey the desired visual aesthetic. The abundant tonal information preserved enables more than expressive freedom.
Canon Log, Canon Log 2, and Canon Log 3: What's the departure?
There are three different Canon Log gammas in the Movie theatre EOS series. The EOS C70 features Canon Log 2 and Canon Log 3, while the EOS R5 and EOS R6 feature Canon Log and Canon Log 3. Of the three, Canon Log 2 achieves the widest dynamic range.
| | |
| Dynamic range | approx.12 stops 800% |
| Distinctive feature | Easier color grading as paradigm quality is close to ITU-R BT.709. |
| | |
| Dynamic range | approx.15 stops (With the 4K DGO sensor on EOS C70: up to sixteen+ stops equivalent) 1600% |
| Distinctive feature | Has characteristics close to film. Offers college tonality in medium to dark areas. |
| | |
| Dynamic range | approx.13.3 stops (With the 4K DGO sensor on EOS C70: up to xiv stops equivalent) 1600% |
| Distinctive characteristic | Retains the advantages of Catechism Log, but with greater dynamic range peculiarly in the highlight areas. |
The 4K Super 35mm DGO sensor on the EOS C70 increases the dynamic range even further, achieving upward to sixteen+ stops' equivalent in Canon Log ii, and upward to 14 stops' equivalent in Canon Log three. In this sense, the EOS C70 offers even more post-production possibilities—and more freedom with artistic visual expression.
To know: Other HDR gammas supported
The EOS C70 supports other gammas such every bit HDR PQ and HLG, which accept become commonly used standards in HDR video production. While some EOS DSLR cameras and EOS R system photographic camera models support HDR PQ recording, there is currently no model that supports HLG. While Catechism Log supports mail service-production workflows where color grading is important for the creative outcome, HLG and HDR PQ back up workflows where colour grading is non necessary for the final product.
3. The factors that touch on actual video recording fourth dimension
Why practise DSLR and mirrorless cameras have a video recording limit?
1) Import duties
Sure regions had a police force that placed higher import duties on video cameras than on photography cameras, with "video camera" being defined as a camera with the ability to tape longer than 30 minutes. (This regulation has been abolished). To avert incurring the actress revenue enhancement and enable a lower retail price, the recording time on DSLR and mirrorless cameras was capped at beneath 30 minutes.
2) Overheating
Recording high-resolution video files incurs a heavy processing load, which causes the image processing engine to heat up. Photography cameras, especially the more advanced cameras, are conditions-sealed for grit and droplet-resistance, but this also makes information technology hard for oestrus to escape.
On the other manus, the EOS C70 is equipped with an active cooling arrangement: the kickoff clue is the large air intake vent on its body. The arrangement consists of a built-in fan and exhaust system that cools and removes the heat that builds up inside the photographic camera, enabling uninterrupted recording for equally long equally your battery and memory media permit. It is isolated from the weather-sealed parts of the camera to forestall dust and moisture from reaching the sensor and electronics.
Know this: Shooting higher frame rates
The chief recording formats on the EOS C70 are as follows:
| 4K DCI/UHD (XF-AVC/MP4) | YCC four:2:2 10bit | 59.94p/50.00p/ 29.07p/25.00p/24.00p/23.98p |
| 2K DCI/FHD (XF-AVC/MP4) | ||
| 4K DCI/UHD (MP4) | YCC 4:two:0 10bit or 8bit | |
| 2K DCI/FHD (MP4) |
In addition, the EOS C70 supports high frame rate shooting a up to 4K 120p with AF tracking and audio recording. The sound runway will be recorded to the other SD card slot as a separate file, so you can accept the original sound even if you edit the footage into a slow motion clip. With the 2K crop mode, a frame rate as loftier every bit 180p is possible.
Tip: Getting the best high frame rate shooting experience
The EOS C70 has dual SD card slots, and so you can make apply of the SD cards that you lot already accept. However, for the best recording experience especially with higher frame rates, SD cards with the V90 speed form rating is recommended.
four. "Fabricated for video" autofocusing capabilities
Have you lot ever heard of a focus puller?
In moving-picture show and video production, this is a very important member of the crew who specialises in just ane matter: manually controlling the camera'due south optical focus. They arguably have the near difficult chore on the set, because focus problems usually can't be fixed in mail service-production. With the ultra-high resolutions similar 4K, even the slightest softness in focus tin be obvious. A fleck of aid from technology goes a long way, even for the virtually skilled focus puller! Hence, autofocus (AF) capabilities are fifty-fifty more important than ever.
AF for video v.s AF for photography
In photography, the faster focus is established on a subject, the better. However, in video, focus transitions are also recorded and may even play a role in visual expression. Abrupt focus switches do not wait adept, so you usually want the transition to be smooth equally possible.
Like nearly recent EOS DSLR and mirrorless cameras, the EOS C70 is equipped with the Dual Pixel CMOS AF system, which uses all pixels on the CMOS prototype sensor to bear stage detection. AF coverage is a wide 80% × 80% of the paradigm frame. However, on top of that, the focusing system was designed with reference to a focus puller's piece of work: you tin adjust the focusing speed from the time AF starts to when it acquires focus on a field of study, thus ensuring seamless focus transitions.
In the same sense, the EOS iTR AF X advanced subject detection and tracking system, which the EOS C70 is besides equipped with, also provides advantages for in video production. Have the example of a scene where a field of study turns away from the camera and starts running. The head detection algorithm on the EOS C70, which leverages on deep learning technology, ensures that the focus stays in place even equally it switches from face detection to head detection.
5. The importance of an ND filter
When shooting video, the shutter speed determines how long each frame is exposed for. In that location are more than limits to the possible shutter speed compared to notwithstanding photography.
One major factor is the frame rate. You can't set a shutter speed that is slower than the frame rate. Yet, you tin't prepare it likewise fast either equally motion will look hasty when played back. The recommended shutter speed to employ is 1/(multiple of the frame charge per unit). In other words, if your frame charge per unit is 60 fps, the shutter speed should be at 1/60 sec or 1/120 sec for best results.
With these limits, the discontinuity setting and ISO speed alone are not enough to command exposure when shooting outdoors, peculiarly in bright sunlight. This is when an ND filter is a must-have. Information technology too allows you lot to open up the discontinuity to attain a shallower depth of field without worrying about overexposure.
The EOS C70 has a built-in mechanical ND filter unit with 3 ND filters (2, four, and six stops' equivalent). The filters tin can be combined in extension manner, offering 5 different modes of exposure adjustment at up to 10 stops' equivalent: 2, 4, 6, eight (2+6), and 10 (iv+six) stops.
vi. The lenses you lot tin apply with the EOS C70
RF lenses—including those for full-frame cameras
Every bit the EOS C70 adopts the RF mount, you have the entire RF lens lineup at your disposal, including the same full-frame RF lenses that you use for photography on your EOS R serial photographic camera. However, the different epitome circle sizes of the EOS C70'due south Super 35mm sensor and a full-frame sensor mean that there volition be a crop factor of 1.45x,achieving an angle of view that is quite similar to what you lot would get on an APS-C sensor in even so photography.
The crop factor is an advantage for scenes where you lot want more achieve, merely it is also a disadvantage when shooting at wide angles. Filmmakers are used to it since Super 35mm is their standard. In fact, the familiarity is the reason some of them may even prefer APS-C cameras to total-frame ones when using a stills camera to shoot movies!
Anything from the extensive EF lens lineup, via the Mount Adapter EF-EOS R 0.71x
The Mount Adapter EF-EOS R 0.71x contains optical elements that reduce the image from a total-frame lens to fit the Super 35mm size. Using information technology to attach an EF lens to the EOS C70 lets y'all achieve images with practically the aforementioned angle of view that you would achieve on a full-frame camera. It even increases light transmission, achieving a speed-boosting effect where images are 1 f-terminate brighter than on a total-frame camera.
Equally of November 2021, the Mount Adapter EF-EOS R 0.71x will achieve AF, AE, and optical abnormality correction effects similar to an RF lens on the following three EF lenses:
- EF16-35mm f/2.8L III USM
- EF24-70mm f/two.8L 2 USM
- EF24-105mm f/4L IS Two USM
On other lens models, operation may be restricted. You lot can even so utilize them, but be prepared to betrayal and focus manually.
In determination: If you lot need to shoot professional-looking videos ofttimes, choose the EOS C70
The EOS C70 is designed with thorough consideration of ease of use for professional filmmakers who produce 4K video. As a defended movie theatre camera, it was designed purely with video shooting in mind, with no need for compromises with yet shooting features and functions. With is video-axial ergonomics and features that give greater control over how footage is captured, y'all might even find that you can create video faster and more than easily than on your existing DSLR or mirrorless camera.
If you are serious nigh creating video and feeling the limits of your existing stills camera, the EOS C70 is something y'all should consider. As it takes RF lenses, you can fifty-fifty utilize it aslope your existing EOS R system gear! In fact, the EOS R arrangement's advanced cameras similar the EOS R3 or EOS R5 make a powerful stills-video combination with the EOS C70, and they are also fantabulous secondary video cameras.
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Source: https://snapshot.canon-asia.com/article/eng/6-things-about-cinema-cameras-that-serious-video-creators-should-know
Posted by: mcdougalthilbod.blogspot.com
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